Abstract: This collection is comprised of raster layers of present-day distributions of terrestrial and freshwater taxa that are of conservation concern in Northern Australia. The spatial extent of the region includes the 'North Australian Tropical Savanna' and 'North Eastern Australia Tropical Rainforests' Australian Conservation Management Zones as well as drainage basins intersecting these regions boundaries. Taxon distributions were derived either from species distribution models (also referred to as 'ecological niche models', 'habitat suitability models', 'habitat models' or 'bioclimatic envelope models' created with the program Maxent or from buffered occurrence records cut to suitable areas (for data deficient taxa) and were vetted by experts and modified accordingly. The additional biodiversity hotspot maps (i.e. areas with relatively high concentrations of taxa of conservation concern) included in this collection show the number of taxa within each relevant taxonomic, functional or threatened species status group (e.g. all endangered species or all vulnerable species) present across the study region. The collection also includes a supplementary spreadsheet ('NESP vetting and taxa Information') with further information on each taxon, such as relevant ecological traits, conservation listings and model details (e.g. thresholds used for Maxent raw outputs, model quality as assessed by experts, AUC/ model  fit statistics, cautionary notes on any remaining issues or uncertainties). The collection was created to inform conservation decision-making in Northern Australia and was funded by the Australian Government’s National Environmental Science Program (NESP) as part of the Northern Australia Environmental Resources Hub.